| Conditions: |
|
Autoimmune Pancytopenia - Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome (ALPS) - Evans Syndrome - Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura - Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune - Autoimmune Neutropenia - Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic - Inflammatory Bowel Disease - Rheumat |
| Purpose: |
|
Treatment for patients with autoimmune destruction of blood cells is poor. The part of the
body that fights infections is called the immune system and white blood cells (WBCs) are
part of the immune system. Normally, a person's body creates WBCs to fight infections and
eliminates WBCs which have stopped helping the body function. Patients with autoimmune
destruction of blood cells have difficulty eliminating old WBCs. The abnormal WBCs build up
and can damage other healthy cells, which can lead to anemia, fatigue, jaundice, internal
bleeding, infection, and cancer. Few effective medications exist for treatment for patients
with autoimmune cytopenias and those commonly used are fraught with side effects.
Nevertheless, as scientific understanding of autoimmune diseases has improved, more directed
and less toxic therapies are becoming available. A number of groups have been studying the
efficacy of a medication called sirolimus in patients with autoimmune diseases. This
medicine has been FDA-approved for over 20 years. Sirolimus is a medicine used in children
with other diseases. Sirolimus works, in part, by eliminating old and abnormal WBCs. Our
group and others have shown that sirolimus is effective in mice with autoimmunity and in
children with a rare condition called Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome (ALPS). We
believe sirolimus will help children with autoimmune cytopenias. We believe it will improve
their symptoms and make them less sick. We propose to study sirolimus in children with
chronic and/or refractory autoimmune cytopenias.
|
| Study Summary: |
|
Patients with autoimmune destruction of hematopoietic cells frequently have severe and
debilitating disease requiring aggressive and frequent medical management. These patients
are often treated with non-specific immunosuppressive medications with limited efficacy and
untoward side-effect profiles. We have been investigating the use of an immunosuppressive
and anti-cancer agent, sirolimus in patients with an autoimmune cytopenias syndrome:
Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome (ALPS). ALPS is a primary immune deficiency caused
by mutations in the Fas apoptotic pathway, leading to abnormal lymphocyte survival. Clinical
manifestations in patients with ALPS typically include autoimmune cytopenias,
lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and a propensity to develop secondary malignancies.
Thus, far we have found excellent results albeit the total number of patients treated is
small.
Sirolimus is a signal transduction inhibitor with a tolerable side effect profile. Sirolimus
has two properties making it an attractive agent to treat patients with autoimmune
cytopenias syndromes, including ALPS. First, sirolimus induces apoptosis in normal and
abnormal white blood cells, the cell type dysregulated in patients with autoimmune disease.
In addition, sirolimus increases a T cell subset called Tregs. Tregs are a cell population
designed to suppress the immune system and control autoimmunity. These combined properties
make sirolimus unique as compared with other immunosuppressive agents. Ample preclinical and
clinical data exists demonstrating sirolimus in effective in patients with autoimmunity.
Accordingly, we hypothesize sirolimus is a safe and efficacious medication for patients with
autoimmune destruction of blood cells..
We plan to confirm our hypotheses by performing a pilot series in children with autoimmune
cytopenias who are either refractory to standard therapy or have significant toxicity from
standard treatments. Our primary aim is to define the toxicities of administration of oral
sirolimus in children with autoimmune cytopenias. Our secondary aims are to evaluate the
efficacy of sirolimus in children with autoimmune cytopenias, to determine the trough levels
of sirolimus when used in these patients, and to evaluate the effects of sirolimus on
intracellular targets of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). We intend to enroll 50
children with autoimmune cytopenias and treat for a 6 month period, however, if we find
sirolimus is effective, we anticipate these children will continue to take sirolimus for a
longer period of time. We anticipate the results of this work will establish sirolimus is
an effective and well tolerated medication and will lead directly to a larger national phase
II clinical trial.
|
| Criteria: |
|
Inclusion Criteria:
- Age > 12 months and < 30 years at the time of study entry
- Diagnosis of autoimmune cytopenias requiring treatment with medications
- At least one of the following: Autoimmune Neutropenia, Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia,
and/or Autoimmune Thrombocytopenia
- Must be proven autoimmune by either a documented autoantibody (positive DAT, positive
anti-neutrophil, and/or anti-platelet antibody) and/or a documented clinical response
to immunosuppression
- Autoimmune Cytopenias can be idiopathic (Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP),
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA), Autoimmune Neutropenia (AIN), or Evans syndrome)
or secondary to one of following conditions: Lupus, Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), ALPS
(Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome), or Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
- Patients must have chronic disease diagnosed by either a documented cytopenia
syndrome (Lupus, ALPS, RA, or IBD), or by having Evans syndrome defined as idiopathic
destruction of multiple blood cell types, and/or by having disease >6 months
- Patients must be refractory to or unable to tolerate standard front-line therapies
for autoimmune cytopenias (corticosteroids and/or IVIG)
- Patients may be taking second-line agents for autoimmune cytopenias (mycophenolate
mofetil, cyclosporine, tacrolimus, mercaptopurine, and/or methotrexate) at time of
study entry; however, attempts should be made to wean these agents. Patients may not
stay on a combination of sirolimus and a calcineurin inhibitor for greater than 4
weeks
- Informed consent/assent MUST be obtained prior to initiating treatment
- Patient must be able to consume oral medication in the form of tablets or solution
Exclusion Criteria:
- Pregnancy or breast feeding
- Uncontrolled infection
- Known allergy to Sirolimus or its components
- Patients with a documented malignancy on therapy or not in remission
- Patients who do not meet organ function requirements listed in protocol
- Patients with a documented history of severe combined immunodeficiency or human
immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV)
|
| NCT ID: |
|
NCT00392951 |
| Primary Contact: |
|
Principal Investigator
David T. Teachey, MD
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
David T. Teachey, MD
Phone: 2674265802
Email: teacheyd@email.chop.edu
|
| Backup Contact: |
|
Email: grupp@email.chop.edu
Stephan A. Grupp, MD, PhD
Phone: 2155904575
|
| Location Contact: |
|
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
United States
There is no listed contact information for this specific location.
Site Status: Recruiting |